Midras uncleanness

Midras uncleanness (Hebrew: טומאת מדרס) is one of the forms of ritual impurity in Judaism which can be transmitted by either an object or person. The term may be translated as pressure uncleanness.^[1]

A midras (lit. "trampled on" object) is an object that can be a carrier of ritual impurity. Common objects that could potentially become unclean, and become a such midras object, include a chair, sofa, mattress, and rug. A person who becomes unclean is categorized as a "father of uncleanliness".

The general concept of a midras, an object becoming a carrier for uncleanliness, is brought in the book of Leviticus, though the following verse does not employ the Hebrew term midras;

Anyone who touches his bed must wash their clothes and bathe with water, and they will be unclean till evening.

According to Maimonides on Zavim 4:4, the midras object becomes unclean by a person who is a "father of uncleanliness" (such as a man with a seminal emission or a woman in the middle of menstruation) putting most of their body weight in one (or more) of five ways on the midras;

1. sitting on the midras like a chair
2. lying on the midras like a rug
3. leaning on the midras
4. standing on the midras like a mat
5. hanging from the midras

Once the midras becomes unclean, it transmits uncleanliness to clean persons or objects by one of seven ways;

1. by touching the midras
2. by carrying the midras
3. by sitting on the midras
4. by lying on the midras
5. apoyándose en los midras
6. al pararse en el midras
7. colgando de los midras

La persona u objeto que se vuelve impuro a través de las midras se clasifica como un Rishon L'Tumah .

La purificación del objeto midrá se logra sumergiendo el objeto en un baño mikve (antes de la puesta del sol ) y tras el transcurso de la puesta del sol.

Entre los objetos que no están sujetos a volverse impuros como midras se incluyen:

1. Placas de terracota sin formar ,
2. Cualquier objeto o recipiente de piedra ,
3. Telas o recipientes hechos de pescado (o cualquier animal marino).
4. Objetos o recipientes fijados al suelo